Breast Cancer Cervical cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in women, followed by cervical cancer. according to a report good They accounted for 39.4 percent of all cancer cases in 2020, by the National Center for Disease Informatics and Research. As such, it becomes imperative to know more about this deadly disease and its many risk factors. But before delving deeper into this, it should be noted that while there are several risk factors that often influence the development of cancer, most do not directly cause it.
“Yes, as people with no known risk factors develop cancer While many risk factors never do,” Dr. Sujit, Consultant Radiation Oncologist, American Oncology Institute, Coimbatore. However, it is always necessary to know the risk factors as it can help one to make more informed lifestyle and health related choices. “Family history is one of the common contributors to an increased risk of breast cancer,” he said.
About 5-10 percent of breast cancer cases are hereditary and are inherited mutation BRCA1 (breast cancer gene one) and BRCA2 (breast cancer gene two) genes that are passed from parents to children. Normally, these genes help make proteins that repair damaged DNA in normal cells. However, mutated versions of these genes can cause abnormal cell growth that can result in cancer, the expert explained.
Family history is one of the common contributors to an increased risk of breast cancer. (Photo: Pixels)
“BRCA and other mutations can be inherited from both father and mother. If first class relativesFor example, if the mother, sister or daughter has breast cancer, the risk almost doubles, and having 2 first-degree relatives increases the risk by about 3 times. If multiple family members, either on the mother’s or the father’s side, have breast cancer, the risk is further increased. Hence there should be a detailed evaluation of the medical history including both sides of the family,” explained Dr Sujit.
While breast cancer is thought to be more common in women, it is more likely to occur in men with BRCA 1 and 2 mutations. Breast Cancer compared to other men. It is always better to know the family health history to prevent breast or any other cancer, or to detect when it is more treatable. “With these gene mutations, the risk of developing other types of cancer also increases, including acute myeloid lymphoma, fallopian tube cancer and pancreatic cancer. Breast density and BMI are some of the important factors that affect breast cancer risk. and are shown as family groups. This may be due to both the similarity of lifestyle and genetic inheritance among family members,” he explained.
risk
According to experts, factors that increase the risk of breast cancer may include sedentary lifestyleIncreased smoking and alcohol consumption in women, environmental exposures, exogenous hormone factors (use of hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives), menstrual factors (low age in menopause and late age in menopause), reproductive factors (late delivery) , disability) excessive consumption of aerated drinks and fast food, obesity and lack of physical exercise.
Redressal
Although there is no sure way to prevent breast cancer, there are some things that help reduce the risk. one of the most important things to find out quickly Which is the key to preventing breast cancer-related deaths. “Self-breast exams help detect any abnormalities such as a lump or swelling around the breast, collarbone or armpit. Routine mammograms will help detect tumors that are extremely small and result in a diagnosis at stage zero. is, ”suggested the expert.
Excessive lifestyle changes Like quitting smoking and alcohol will help reduce the risk of breast cancer. “Other preventive measures such as daily exercise or work, maintaining an optimal weight, consuming a balanced diet and avoiding junk food will help prevent breast cancer. It is always advisable to discuss with the doctor about the contraceptive options and the risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy,” Dr Sujit said.
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